Autism and Mouthing Behavior
Mouthing behavior is a repetitive action in which a child puts objects or body parts, such as hands or fingers, into their mouth. While this behavior can be observed in typically developing children as well, it is often seen in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this article, we will explore what mouthing behavior is, how it looks, and discuss strategies for managing this behavior in children with ASD.
What is Mouthing Behavior?
Mouthing behavior refers to the act of repeatedly placing objects or body parts into the mouth. Children with ASD may engage in this behavior for various reasons, including sensory seeking, self-stimulation, exploration, or as a means of communication. It is important to note that mouthing behavior can serve different purposes for different children, and each child’s experience is unique.
Understanding the Underlying Reasons:
In children with ASD, mouthing behavior can be maintained by self-stimulatory reasons. This means that the behavior provides a form of sensory stimulation or comfort to the child. By understanding the underlying reasons for this behavior, we can develop effective strategies to manage and redirect it.
Strategies for Managing Mouthing Behavior:
- Provide appropriate oral sensory input: Offer safe and appropriate objects that can be chewed or sucked on, such as chewable toys, teething rings, or oral sensory tools. It is crucial to consider each child’s individual preferences and sensory needs. Pay attention to the objects the child attempts to mouth on and choose items that have textures or properties similar to those objects. Finding the right chewy toy that best satisfies the child’s sensory needs is key.
- Create a safe environment: Ensure that the child’s environment is well-organized and provides appropriate sensory input. Some children engage in mouthing behaviors as a way to seek sensory stimulation or self-regulate. By providing a variety of sensory experiences through different textures, tastes, and smells, you can help satisfy their sensory needs and reduce the urge to engage in mouthing behavior.
- Use visual supports: Visual supports, such as visual schedules and social stories, can be effective in teaching appropriate behaviors and helping the child understand the expectations around mouthing objects. These visual supports can also be used to introduce and reinforce alternative behaviors. Creating a social story that describes individualized instances of the child’s mouthing behavior and presents socially acceptable alternatives can help them understand and practice appropriate behaviors.
- Reinforce alternative behaviors: Encourage and reinforce alternative behaviors that are more appropriate and fulfill the child’s sensory needs. If the child seeks oral sensory input, provide them with an appropriate chewable toy instead of inappropriate objects. Praise and reward the child when they use the alternative behaviors, which will help reinforce the desired behavior and reduce the frequency of mouthing behavior.
- Consult with professionals: Collaborate closely with professionals experienced in working with children with ASD, such as occupational therapists, speech-language pathologists, and behavior analysts. These professionals can provide additional strategies and support based on the child’s individual needs. They can assess the specific circumstances surrounding the mouthing behavior and offer guidance and intervention strategies tailored to the child’s requirements.
When to Seek Professional Guidance:
While mouthing behavior is common in children with ASD, it may not always be a cause for concern. However, if the behavior becomes excessive, poses a risk of injury, or significantly interferes with daily functioning, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or a specialist in ASD for guidance and support. These professionals can assess the specific circumstances, identify any underlying issues, and provide strategies to manage or redirect the behavior if necessary.
Autism and mouthing behavior is a common occurrence. By understanding the underlying reasons and employing effective strategies, we can support and manage this behavior in a positive and appropriate manner. Remember that each child is unique, and it may be necessary to experiment with different approaches to find what works best for them. Through collaboration with professionals and a comprehensive understanding of the child’s needs, we can create a supportive environment that promotes healthy alternatives to mouthing behavior and enhances their overall well-being.
Also read: How to Give a Haircut to a Child with Autism
About Olga Sirbu
My name is Olga Sirbu, I am a Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) and Licensed Applied Behavioral Analyst. My goal is to support and empower families and individuals on the autism spectrum.
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